Commerce Control List for Exports
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Human Pathogens & Toxins
Bacteria
- Bacillus anthracis
- Brucella abortus
- Brucella melitensis
- Brucella suis
- Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei)
- Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei)
- Chlamydophila psittaci (formerly known as Chlamydia psittaci)
- Clostridium botulinum
- Clostridium perfringens, epsilon toxin producing types
- Coxiella burnetii
- Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157 and other verotoxin producing serotypes
- Francisella tularensis
- Rickettsia prowasecki (a.k.a. Rickettsia prowazekii)
- Salmonella typhi
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Vibrio cholerae
- Yersinia pestis
Toxins- Abrin
- Aflatoxins
- Botulinum toxins
- Cholera toxin
- Clostridium perfringens toxins
- Conotoxin
- Diacetoxyscirpenol toxin
- HT–2 toxin
- Microcystin (Cyanginosin)
- Modeccin toxin
- Ricin
- Saxitoxin
- Shiga toxin
- Staphylococcus aureus toxins
- T–2 toxin
- Tetrodotoxin
- Verotoxin and other Shiga-like ribosome inactivating proteins
- Viscum Album Lectin 1 (Viscumin)
- Volkensin toxin
Viruses- Andes virus
- Chapare virus
- Chikungunya virus
- Choclo virus
- Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever virus
- Dengue fever virus
- Dobrava-Belgrade virus
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus
- Ebola virus
- Guanarito virus
- Hantaan virus
- Hendra virus (Equine morbillivirus)
- Japanese encephalitis virus
- Junin virus
- Kyasanur Forest virus
- Laguna Negra virus
- Lassa fever virus
- Louping ill virus
- Lujo virus
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
- Machupo virus
- Marburg virus
- Monkey pox virus
- Murray Valley encephalitis virus
- Nipah virus
- Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
- Oropouche virus
- Powassan virus
- Rift Valley fever virus
- Rocio virus
- Sabia virus
- Seoul virus
- Sin nombre virus
- St. Louis encephalitis virus
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus (Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis virus)
- Variola virus
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
- Western equine encephalitis virus
- Yellow fever virus
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Animal Pathogens & Toxins
Viruses
- African horse sickness virus
- African swine fever virus
- Avian influenza (AI) viruses identified as having high pathogenicity (HP)
- AI viruses that have an intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) in 6-weekold chickens greater than 1.2
- AI viruses that cause at least 75% mortality in 4- to 8-week-old chickens infected intravenously
Note: Avian influenza (AI) viruses of the H5 or H7 subtype that do not have either of the characteristics described in 1C352.a.2 (specifically, 1C352.a.2.a or a.2.b) should be sequenced to determine whether multiple basic amino acids are present at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule (HA0). If the amino acid motif is similar to that observed for other HPAI isolates, then the isolate being tested should be considered as HPAI and the virus is controlled under 1C352.a.2.- Bluetongue virus
- Foot and mouth disease virus
- Goat pox virus
- Porcine herpes virus (Aujeszky's disease)
- Swine fever virus (Hog cholera virus)
- Lumpy skin disease virus
- Lyssa virus (a.k.a. Rabies)
- Newcastle disease virus
- Peste des petits ruminants virus
- Porcine enterovirus type 9 (swine vesicular disease virus)
- Rinderpest virus
- Sheep pox virus
- Teschen disease virus
- Vesicular stomatitis virus
Bacteria- Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (small colony) (a.k.a. contagious bovine pleuropneumonia)
- Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (“strain F38”)
Fungi- Coccidioides immitis
- Coccidioides posadasii
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Genetic Elements/Genetically Modified Organisms
Genetic Elements
- Genetic elements that contain nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of microorganisms controlled by 1C351.a to .c, 1C352, 1C354, or 1C360;
- Genetic elements that contain nucleic acid sequences coding for any of the “toxins” controlled by 1C351.d or “sub-units of toxins” thereof
Genetically Modified Organisms- Genetically modified organisms that contain nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of microorganisms controlled by 1C351.a to .c, 1C352, 1C354, or 1C360
- Genetically modified organisms that contain nucleic acid sequences coding for any of the “toxins” controlled by 1C351.d or “sub-units of toxins” thereof
Technical Note:- “Genetic elements” include, inter alia, chromosomes, genomes, plasmids, transposons, and vectors, whether genetically modified or unmodified
- This ECCN does not control nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157 and other verotoxin producing strains, except those nucleic acid sequences that contain coding for the verotoxin or its sub-units
- “Nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of any of the microorganisms controlled by 1C351.a to .c, 1C352, 1C354, or 1C360” means any sequence specific to the relevant controlled microorganism that:
- In itself or through its transcribed or translated products represents a significant hazard to human, animal or plant health; or
- Is known to enhance the ability of a microorganism controlled by 1C351.a to .c, 1C352, 1C354, or 1C360, or any other organism into which it may be inserted or otherwise integrated, to cause serious harm to human, animal or plant health.
- “Genetically modified organisms” include organisms in which the genetic material (nucleic acid sequences) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination, and encompasses those produced artificially in whole or in part.
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Plant Pathogens
Viruses
- Potato Andean latent tymovirus
- Potato spindle tuber viroid
Bacteria- Xanthomonas albilineans
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri including strains referred to as Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri types A,B,C,D,E or otherwise classified as Xanthomonas citri, Xanthomonas campestris pv. aurantifolia or Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo
- Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (syn. Pseudomonas campestris pv. oryzae )
- Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies sepedonicus (syn. Corynebacterium michiganensis subspecies sepedonicum or Corynebacterium sepedonicum )
- Ralstonia solanacearum Races 2 and 3 (syn. Pseudomonas solanacearum Races 2 and 3 or Burkholderia solanacearum Races 2 and 3)
Fungi- Coccidioides immitis
- Coccidioides posadasii
- Colletotrichum coffeanum var. virulans ( Colletotrichum kahawae )
- Cochliobolus miyabeanus (
Helminthosporium oryzae ) - Microcyclus ulei (syn. Dothidella ulei )
- Puccinia graminis (syn. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici )
- Puccinia striiformis(syn. Puccinia glumarum )
- Magnaporthe grisea ( pyricularia grisea/pyricularia oryzae )
Ecfr.gpoaccess.gov (1C351) Updated 2012